Microstomia is defined as an abnormally small oral orifice. Microstomia can occur as a result of trauma from electrical and thermal lesions, chemical burns and trauma from surgeries. Prosthetic rehabilitation of microstomia patients presents difficulties at all stages, from the preliminary impressions to fabrication of prosthesis. For impression procedures different treatment methods have been suggested. Swing hinge and collapsible dentures are used to provide prosthodontic treatment to patients with microstomia. Not only such a prosthesis is difficult to fabricate, but also may be expensive. The literature contains reports on the fabrication of Sectional denture with the denture pieces connected by different designs. In this case, a new method of fabricating Sectional complete denture for patient with microstomia is introduced. This article describes a simple method of fabricating a 2-piece denture using removeable partial denture metal framework to connect the sections for a patient with limited oral opening. Combination of metal framework and Sectional complete denture for a patient with limited oral opening is an acceptable, effective, and available method.

Background: Recent studies show that dairy consumption and associated nutrients may be protective against some metabolic disease. Especially in Iran, Peak bone mass is lower than that in normal white western population. Men are not exception in this story too.Material and Method: This cross Sectional study try to demonstrate the food consumption pattern in a randomize collection of people as staff of different part of a military educating hospital and military students who was resident in dormitory.Result: We found that dairy consumption was less than standard recommendation. The high rate of different metabolic disorder specially bones and teeth may be related to this nutritional behavior.Conclusion: It is important to consider the influence of income, education, sex, ethnicity, marital status, and physical activity on food consumption patterns when planning diets, nutrition education programs and interventions for young adult.

Purpose: The Purpose of this paper is to explain the nature and process of digital transformation.Methodology: Its methodology is based on a structured literature review (SLR) and searching scientific sites and specialized resources. One roadmap model, six maturity assessment models, three digital business model transformation approaches and eight digital transformation Frameworks are explained interpretively.Findings: Digital transformation is  a strategy and an operating model change, in which technological advancements are leveraged to improve human experiences and operating efficiencies and to evolve the products and services to which customers will remain loyal. A review of research in this field shows that the nature of digital transformation depends on knowledge and knowledge is formed as a valuable asset in people's minds. Therefore, the role of human resources in creating and achieving the transformation is important and fundamental. Findings show that no digital transformation is only technological, it is organizational and requires its own planning, resources and rules. It is clear that we need a model in this kind of transformation journey. Staff capital and its empowerment by knowledge and fundamental requirements are important for success in the digital transformation program. Transformation in culture, in structure, in processes and methods, along with the benefits of the frontier technologies, will lead to a dramatic transformation in the field of business. The environment of organizations is changing faster and has become more volatile, uncertain and complex than in the past. Rapid changes in competition, demand, technology and regulations make it more important than ever for organizations to be able to respond and adapt to their environment. In this context, the pressure on firms to align their business strategy with the technological changes in the environment has significantly increased with the emergence and growing importance of new digital technologies, such as Social Media, Cloud Computing, Big Data and Analytics, Embedded Devices, 3D-Printing, the Internet of Things and Artificial Intelligence. They are profoundly transforming the strategic context of organizations: changing the structure of competition, the behavior and expectations of customers, the way business is conducted, the way products are manufactured and services are delivered, the way of working and, ultimately, entire industries. The growth of technology, in addition to transforming organizational boundaries, has also improved knowledge sharing. As the results indicate, the digital age refers to a time in history when the use of digital technology was generalized throughout the world. We are on the verge of a technological revolution that will fundamentally change the way we live, work and communicate with each other. In terms of scale, scope, and complexity, this transformation will be different from what mankind has already experienced.Conclusion: Digital transformation has affected the work processes of individuals in organizational environments. New methods in combining digital innovations and intensifying inter-organizational collaboration are among the key features of success. Because the goal of digital transformation is a business transformation, it requires different organizational elements, which are explained in the Frameworks, to work together like a piece of music in a concert with different instruments played harmoniously and simultaneously

The present article, while examining the theoretical foundations and concepts of Qualification, deals with the history of the system of Vocational Qualification in the world, the scope, and typology of different types of Qualification Frameworks in detail. The methodology of this research is descriptive-exploratory and is of applied research type. The required data and information have been collected and processed by the library method and referring to written and internet scientific and organizational documents. The analysis was performed with the help of secondary analysis and based on lived experience and data and categorized information available in both existing and expected situations. The statistical sample consisted of 34 valid scientific sources, mainly foreign and organizational documents, which were purposefully selected. It was found that the most appropriate framework of the Vocational Qualification Framework has a comprehensive approach arising from sectoral Frameworks with the agreement of stakeholders and social partners. Also, the educational standards of the organization in terms of skill level will not have a proportional distribution with the composition and texture of the country's jobs and as a result, will not be with the National Vocational Qualification Framework. Also, the provision of governmental and non-governmental training by the organization is not appropriate for the active population of the country and will not include lifelong learning for the people of the society. Therefore, the organization needs to enrich and strengthen training standards and pay more attention to employee training for a more prominent presence within the National Vocational Qualification Framework and requires the mechanisms of the establishment of certificate equivalencing with the formal degree and accumulation and transfer of training credits.

The body of interdisciplinary research has become much rigorous during the last three decades, and a large number of theses, articles, books, and even several interdisciplinary journals are published in various fields, including information and knowledge science. There is also a considerable tendency among universities to launch interdisciplinary courses and also among Iranian researchers for interdisciplinary studies. Now, doing a thesis with an interdisciplinary approach is a kind of innovation and an academic privilege. However, many researchers, supervisors, graduate students, and reviewers of articles or research projects are not aware of the requirements and Frameworks of interdisciplinary research and, as a result, unaware of the methods of evaluating such studies. Compared to the existence of books and articles related to the evaluation of interdisciplinary studies in English language that present various Frameworks and methods, we lack examples in Persian language in this field. In this article, by reviewing some related articles and books, a specific framework and criteria for evaluating interdisciplinary research based on the main and conventional parts of a research article are introduced. According to this, sections such as the title, abstract, keywords, theoretical foundations, objectives, statement of the problem, questions or hypotheses, research background, methodology, findings, conclusions, and cited sources can be evaluated based on criteria. This would be helpful to identify concrete examples to check the extent of researchers' attention to interdisciplinary Frameworks and approaches. The Frameworks and criteria introduced in this article are useful for researchers, supervisors, students and reviewers of theses or scientific articles, including the field of information and knowledge sciences.